Edinburgh Old Town is the medieval heart of Scotland’s capital — a labyrinth of cobbled streets, narrow closes, historic buildings, and centuries of stories. Unlike the New Town, which is wide, elegant, and Georgian, the Old Town is atmospheric, slightly mysterious, and perfectly walkable. This guide will help you explore it fully, from the famous Royal Mile to hidden gems that only locals know.
1. Brief History of Edinburgh Old Town
Medieval Origins: Edinburgh Old Town dates back to at least the 12th century. Its layout is largely unchanged, with winding streets, narrow alleys (“closes”), and courtyards reflecting medieval urban planning.
Royal History: The Old Town was once the home of Scottish royalty. Edinburgh Castle, at the top of the Royal Mile, served as a royal fortress and palace for centuries.
Cultural Hub: Old Town became the heart of literature, philosophy, and science in Scotland during the Enlightenment. Writers like Sir Walter Scott and Robert Louis Stevenson have streets and museums dedicated to them here.
2. Must-See Landmarks
Edinburgh Castle
Sitting atop Castle Rock, the castle dominates the skyline.
Key attractions: Crown Jewels, Stone of Destiny, National War Museum.
Insider Tip: Arrive early to avoid crowds and get the best views of Old Town rooftops.
Website: Edinburgh Castle
The Royal Mile
A 1-mile stretch connecting the castle to Holyrood Palace.
Highlights: Shops, pubs, historic closes, and street performances.
Hidden Gems: Look for small museums like the Museum of Edinburgh or hidden courtyards off the main street.
St Giles’ Cathedral
Famous for its Gothic architecture and the Thistle Chapel.
Don’t miss the intricate stained-glass windows and the historic pipe organ.
Website: St Giles’ Cathedral
Mary King’s Close
Underground streets that reveal Edinburgh’s darker past.
Guided tours recount tales of plague victims, hidden rooms, and legends.
Website: Mary King’s Close
Ramsay Garden
A colorful cluster of historic buildings just off the Royal Mile.
Great spot for photography and appreciating Edinburgh’s vertical architecture.
3. Hidden Gems & Local Experiences
Advocate’s Close: Narrow, atmospheric alley with historical plaques. Perfect for quiet walks.
Cockburn Street: Serpentine street connecting the High Street to Waverley Station. Filled with boutique shops and charming cafés.
Writers’ Museum: Celebrate Scotland’s literary greats — Robert Burns, Sir Walter Scott, and Robert Louis Stevenson.
Hidden Gardens: Some closes contain small, tucked-away gardens worth exploring if you want a peaceful break from the hustle.
4. Food & Drinks in Old Town
Traditional Scottish Pubs: Try haggis, neeps & tatties, or Cullen Skink soup.
Afternoon Tea: Many historic hotels along the Royal Mile offer elegant tea services.
Local Cafés: Coffee shops in closes often serve freshly baked scones and pastries.
5. Best Time to Visit
Spring & Summer (May–September): Longer daylight, festivals, and livelier streets.
Autumn (October–November): Beautiful fall colors, fewer tourists.
Winter: Shorter days, but charming Christmas markets and Hogmanay celebrations.
6. Practical Tips
Footwear: Cobblestones and steep streets mean comfortable shoes are essential.
Navigation: Maps help, but wandering is part of the experience. Closes can be confusing but rewarding.
Safety: Old Town is generally safe. Stay alert at night, especially in less busy alleys.
Photography: Early morning or late evening gives soft light and fewer crowds.
Tour Options: Walking tours, ghost tours, or guided museum visits give richer insights.
7. Suggested One-Day Itinerary
| Time | Activity |
|---|---|
| 9:00 AM | Edinburgh Castle: Explore historic rooms & enjoy panoramic views. |
| 11:00 AM | Walk the Royal Mile: Peek into closes and visit small museums. |
| 1:00 PM | Lunch at a traditional pub or café on Cockburn Street. |
| 2:30 PM | St Giles’ Cathedral & Writers’ Museum. |
| 4:00 PM | Explore hidden alleys: Advocate’s Close & Ramsay Garden. |
| 5:30 PM | Mary King’s Close tour (underground). |
| 7:00 PM | Dinner and a stroll through the illuminated Old Town streets. |
8. Nearby Attractions
Holyrood Palace: At the foot of the Royal Mile, the official residence of the monarch in Scotland.
Calton Hill: Panoramic views over Old Town and the Firth of Forth.
National Museum of Scotland: Nearby, with free entry and world-class exhibits.
9. Useful Links
Edinburgh Castle: https://www.edinburghcastle.scot/
St Giles’ Cathedral: https://www.stgilescathedral.org.uk/
Mary King’s Close: https://www.realmarykingsclose.com/
Edinburgh Heritage Guides: https://edinburgh.org/inspire/edinburgh-city-guides/heritage/
Final Thoughts
Edinburgh Old Town is a place where history lives in every stone, where alleys whisper secrets of the past, and where every corner rewards curiosity. Take your time, wear comfy shoes, and don’t rush — the magic of the Old Town is in the small details, hidden corners, and layers of stories.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
1. What is the best way to explore Edinburgh Old Town?
The best way to explore Old Town is on foot. Its cobbled streets, narrow closes, and historic buildings are best experienced slowly, wandering between landmarks like the Royal Mile, Edinburgh Castle, and hidden alleys. Comfortable shoes are essential, and guided walking tours can provide historical context and insider tips.
2. How much time should I spend in Edinburgh Old Town?
Ideally, allocate 1–2 full days to explore the Old Town thoroughly. One day can cover main attractions like Edinburgh Castle, the Royal Mile, and St Giles’ Cathedral, while a second day allows you to discover hidden closes, small museums, and enjoy local cafés without rushing.
3. Are there hidden gems in Edinburgh Old Town?
Yes! Beyond the popular sites, places like Advocate’s Close, Ramsay Garden, and Mary King’s Close offer quiet, historical, and photogenic spots. These hidden gems let visitors experience the medieval charm of Old Town and see a side of Edinburgh often missed by tourists.
4. Is Edinburgh Old Town family-friendly?
Absolutely. Families can enjoy the castle, interactive museums, and walking tours designed for all ages. However, be cautious in narrow alleys and on uneven cobblestones, especially with young children or strollers. Many attractions also offer family tickets or discounted entry for children.
5. When is the best time to visit Edinburgh Old Town?
The best time is late spring to early autumn (May–September) for pleasant weather, longer daylight, and outdoor festivals. Autumn offers beautiful colors and fewer crowds, while winter provides festive Christmas markets and Hogmanay celebrations, though daylight is limited.
